Every type of the waste is taken to a modern and safety waste disposal site from the vicinity of the Cirkont Zrt, which serves not only Miskolc, but 30 other villages and cities. This site is newly built from European Union sources and it was established according to the norms of the EU.
It is the Sajókazai Hulladék Centrum (the Waste Centre of Sajókaza), which has been existing, running for a few years, and since then development units have been built to it.
The waste location happens in the next way in Sajókaza.
The different kinds and categories of waste is taken away from the areas served by the Cirkont Zrt, the Abahg Kft, the ÉHG Zrt, and the ÓHG groups of company – which means half of our county. The waste is taken from almost everywhere to the waste centre of Sajókaza, by usual or special waste collecting trucks. The centre consists of two parts: there is a disposal/treating site for hazardous waste, and there is a disposal/treating site for the municipal waste.
The first is the so-called ”monodepónia”, which contains two closed sectors. When they are full, they will be closed, and new sectors will open. It means, that those kinds of waste that are hazardous for the environment and can not be recycled or disposed in any other way, will be put in a specially isolated container under or above the ground. An electric error indicating system guarantees that nothing can come out of that. Here is an oily deposal, where the oil content is reduced by composting technology in certain kinds of waste.
The bigger unit of the centre, which is more important for the people, is the municipal waste landfill. (Its simpler version is called dump – however it means much more today). The waste is brought in through an entrance that is much bigger then a gate on the fence. Everybody and everything is checked who come in. There is not only a porter’s lodge at the entrance, but a measuring house as well, with two platform balances. The weight of the passing vehicles are measured when they go in and come out, and the weight is noted. So that we know every day how the quantity of the waste increased on the side, in every kind of waste, and in every unit.
The most important unit of the centre in Sajókaza is the landfill container. 2 million cubic metre wastes can be put in it, and it can serve the region’s requirements for more decades. The waste collecting trucks out the waste here, and it is smoothed by a ”kompaktor” vehicle - which is similar to a tractor or a road roller. The ”kompaktor” compacts the waste, so that it uses less space.
The excellent capability of the container is that it creates a valley, where there is natural clay isolating in the ground. It is very useful, because the rain can not was the polluting material in the ground. What is more, it is controlled by devices, and a drainage system provides that the rain can be collected (it is cleaned, and sprinkles on the waste).
The natural seal is complemented with an artificial as well: 2.5 mm plastic folia are welded, and an approximately 1.5 cm thick felt-like material (geotextile) protects from mechanical harm. Over it there is black folium which protects from the UV radiation of the sun and these folia is fixed by car tyres (so the wind can not blow it). If this folia would have a hole, electronic system warns the workers on the site to repair it.
This huge container is divided in three parts by pebbles embankment, so that these units can be filled with waste in a comfortable was in the next decades. Because of safety reasons, pumps (vertical pipes) erect to lead the gases out. With them, the use of biogas may be considered later. Apart from these, there are controlling pumps as well (they check if there is some pollution in the groundwater or not).
Beside the municipal landfill, there is a building which serves for the selective waste collection. Here are the so –called selective collection spots, and the ”product” of baggy collection. It is selected, categorised, and then boxed. The next unit is composting, which in involved in the utilization of vegetable waste. The waste arrives here mostly from cutting the grass and felling by companies.
Then here is the compost that is made of sewage sludge, which arises in the sewage plants. The compost is made in a few months. It can be bought in the shops as products used for agricultural or garden use.
The composting is done in the form of triangular cross section soil heaps, which are 4 metres wide and 2 metres high. These are handled by a special machine that rotates, sprinkles, aerates, and loads up. The inner temperature of the material is 70 C° through the process. Another unit handles the construction debris. Only the clear material can be taken here which was not used by construction and demolition, because the material can be handled in safety and effectively only that way.
The waste that is mixed with rubbish is useless. However the concrete, bricks, and tiles are not. But they can not be mixed into the municipal waste – and can not be taken in ”the end of a village”. It is considered to be hazardous waste because of its material, content, and pollution. It is another question that the shale which contains asbestos can not be put among the construction debris, as it belongs to the hazardous waste category, and must be handled as hazardous waste.
